Skin composition

ABSTRACT

A personal antiperspirant product contains a moisture-absorbent polymer instead of or in addition to the usual metal salt. The product is applied to the skin in a finely divided form to give a dry, non-sticky deposit for absorbing skin moisture such as perspiration. The polymer is capable of absorbing an amount of moisture at least equal to its own weight after depositing the product onto the skin.

This application is a continuation of Ser. No. 033,581, filed on Apr.26, 1979, which is continuation-in-part of Ser. No. 930,780, filed onAug. 2, 1978, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 842,769, filed Oct.17, 1977, which is a continuation of Ser. No. 520,124 filed Nov. 1,1974, all now abandoned.

The invention relates to antiperspirant compositions for dispensing infinely divided form to provide a deposit on human skin. Moreparticularly the invention relates to pressurized antiperspirantcompositions which are dispensible from valved aerosol containers andare deposited on the skin in powder form; such compositions are based onmoisture-absorbent materials which are generally non-astringent innature and which help to make the composition non-staining and milder tothe skin.

Antiperspirant compositions normally contain an astringent, such asaluminum chlorhydrate or zinc phenol sulphonate, which is believed todepress the formation of perspiration from sweat glands. Theseastringents are commonly applied to the skin in the form of an aerosolspray.

We have now devised an entirely new type of composition for limiting themanifestation of perspiration on the skin which does not necessarilyrequire the use of astringent perspiration depressants such as thoseexemplified above and which therefore increases the mildness of thecomposition by obviating the irritating effect that astringents andtheir by products can produce. Where mildness is of little consequence,astringent antiperspirant agents can if desired be incorporated incompositions according to the invention. Therefore, instead of relyingentirely on chemical suppression of perspiration at source, we employ ameans whereby perspiration can be absorbed at the skin surface as soonas it is formed, thus maintaining the skin in an apparently drycondition. This is achieved by spraying or powdering the skin with acomposition containing a material having a high capacity for absorbingsuperficial skin moisture. It follows that transfer of perspiration fromthe skin to adjacent clothing can also be limited or preventedcompletely.

Accordingly, the invention provides a fluid antiperspirant compositionfor dispensing in particulate form onto the human skin to provide anon-toxic, non-irritant, dry to the touch, non-sticky, non-film-formingdeposit, the composition comprising a non-aqueous liquid phase and solidphase, the solid phase of the composition comprising from about 1% toabout 95% by weight of a moisture-absorbent organic polymer inparticulate form, and the non-aqueous liquid phase of the compositioncomprising (a) from 1% to about 99% by weight of a propellant to producean aerosol spray, and (b) from 0% to about 99% by weight of a carrier,other than a propellant, for the organic polymer, the organic polymerbeing characterized by its capacity for absorbing an amount of moistureat least equal to its own weight after deposition of the compositiononto the skin.

Compositions according to the invention are fluids and should beprepared and packaged in such a manner that they can be applied to theskin of the user in the form of a spray. A convenient form of packagingis a valved aerosol container for use with conventional liquefiablepropellant gases, the valve being adapted to suit the composition and todispense it as a finely divided spray.

The fluid composition is preferably in the form of a non-aqueous liquidcontaining a suspension of the moisture-absorbent polymer as a finelydivided powder. The polymer can, as a further alternative, be a dry,free-flowing finely divided powder, in a container with sufficientpropellant, which when used will dispense the dry powder. Theantiperspirant composition according to the invention can also compriseother ingredients in powder form.

An important property of the aerosol antiperspirant composition is thatafter spraying or otherwise applying it on the skin, it forms anon-toxic, non-irritant, dry to the touch, non-sticky, non-film-forming,moisture absorbent deposit composed essentially of themoisture-absorbent polymer. It is therefore necessary to select thepolymer both for its ability to absorb an appreciable amount of waterand for its ability to form a dry, non-sticky non-film-forming depositon the skin.

By "a dry to the touch, non-sticky, non-film-forming deposit" we mean adeposit, which after application to the skin feels dry and is not stickyor tacky to the touch and which does not normally become sticky in useas it absorbs moisture such as perspiration and to which adjacentclothing will not adhere. It will be appreciated that the user is likelyto be dissatisfied with an antiperspirant product that remains tacky orsticky after application to the skin and adheres to adjacent clothing.For this reason we do not claim a monopoly for the use ofmoisture-absorbent organic polymers which are sticky under conditions ofuse on human skin.

We have found that compositions containing most potentially"non-sticky-in-use" polymers can, however, give rise to an unacceptablysticky deposit if other ingredients, such as oily carriers, are includedin the composition in an excessive amount. Care should therefore betaken not to include in the composition excessive amounts of suchingredients.

The antiperspirant composition should, according to a preferredembodiment of the invention, comprise a moisture-absorbent polymer inthe form of a powder which is packaged with a propellant. It isunderstood, however, that the moisture-absorbent polymer may be presentin a suitable carrier as a suspension together with a propellant.

Although the average particle size of the powder is usually not criticalwith respect to its ability to adhere to the skin or to absorb moisturefrom the skin, it is necessary to ensure that the average particle sizeis small enough to pass through an aerosol dispensing valve withoutclogging. It is apparent that the average particle size of the powderand of the valve orifice and packaging dimensions can be selected suchthat the antiperspirant composition is dispensed without such problemsarising.

By way of example only, a suitable average particle size for amoisture-absorbent polymer is not greater than 60 microns, preferablynot greater than 30 microns.

The moisture-absorbent organic polymer is a polymer which is organicrather than inorganic in structure and which can be either synthetic ornatural in origin which can itself be soluble or insoluble in water,while possessing the necessary ability to absorb water. Whereas thepolymer should be capable, when deposited onto human skin followingapplication of the antiperspirant composition, of absorbing from the drystate an amount of water at least equal to its own weight, the preferredpolymers are capable of absorbing a greater proportion of water. Forexample, some polymers after deposition can absorb up to 5 to 10 timestheir own weight of moisture or even more and still remain on the skinin a dry to the touch, non-sticky, non-film-forming state.

The preferred polymers according to the invention are those whichexhibit the greatest capacity for absorbing water, although many ofthese highly absorbant polymers are costly to produce and hence may beimpracticable to use for economic reasons.

Moisture-absorbent polymers for use according to the invention shouldpreferably also have the ability of losing absorbed moisture byevaporation while in contact with the skin, so that they can thereby beself regenerating to a state of increased moisture absorbency and soprolong their antiperspirant effectiveness.

This property of moisture-absorbency can readily be assessed by simplyadding water to a deposit of the test polymer on a suitable surface tosimulate skin until the deposit appears wet and hence is no longer dryto the touch. The moisture uptake, and also the ability subsequently tolose absorbed moisture by evaporation, can then be assessedgravimetrically.

Moisture-absorbent polymers which we have found to be particularlysuitable include certain polysaccharides, polypeptides, vinyl carboxypolymers and copolymers. Examples of the preferred polymers canconveniently be classified as follows:

(a) Water soluble polymers

(i) Of natural origin: carragheenates, guar gum, locust bean gum, lowmethoxy pectins [eg., pages 159-175 of Glicksman, ibid.], agar,furcellaran, xanthan gum, gelatin.

(ii) Of synthetic origin: hydroxyproplymethyl cellulose, sodiumcarboxymethyl cellulose, polyethylene oxides [eg. pages 495-505 ofGlicksman, ibid.], polyvinylpyrrolidone (see Glicksman, ibid. at pages473-483), carboxyvinyl polymers (such as Carbopol: see Glicksman, ibid.at pages 483 to seq.), copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and maleicanhydrides (as sold under the tradename GANTREZ by the GAF Corporation),linear ionenes [see Reinbaum et al. J. Polymer Science (Polymer Letter),6, 159-177 (1968)]

(b) Water insoluble polymers

(i) Of natural origin: mixed salts of calcium and sodium alginate,crosslinked dextrans, chemically modified cellulose, microcrystallinecellulose, calcium alginate, alginic acid, pregelatinized starches (seeGlicksman, supra. at pages 300-301), chemically modified starches (seeGlicksman, supra. at pages 310-316), and especially those identified andprepared by the methods set out in U.S. Pat. No. 3,002,823; and starchcopolymers such as hydrolyzed (particularly base-hydrolyzed)starch--polyacrylonitrile graft copolymers--especially those graftcopolymers identified and prepared by the methods set out in Journal ofApplied Polymer Science, Volume 13, pages 2007-2017 (1969), and inVolume 15, pages 3015-3024.

(ii) Of synthetic origin: crosslinked polyacrylamides (see Leonard,"Vinyl and Diene Monomers" Pt I at pages 98-99), crosslinked polacrylicacids (see Glicksman supra. at pages 483-84), crosslinkedpolyhydroxyethyl methacrylate (see Simpson, "Bio-Medical Engineering" 4,(February 1969) at pages 65-68), crosslinked polyvinyl alcohol (seeWarson "Polyvinyl Alcohols and Copolymers", University of BradfordSymposium, 1969), crosslinked polyvinylpyrrolidone (see Glicksman, supraat pages 473-483), sulphonated polystyrene crosslinked withdi-vinylbenzene, quaternized polyvinyl pyridine crosslinked withdi-vinyl benzene, crosslinked or branched ionenes (see Reinbaum et al.,J. Polymer Science (Polymer Letters), I (1969) at pages 295-402).

The proportion of the polymer in the antiperspirant compositionaccording to the invention for dispensing in particulate form such as aspray, will generally depend on the amount of propellant present in thecomposition, the physical nature of the composition, and on the type ofaerosol device employed. Thus, when the antiperspirant composition is aliquid containing powder in suspension and is packaged in the usualsingle compartment can, then the polymer can form from about 1% to about30%, preferably from about 3% to about 10% by weight of the composition.On the other hand, when the propellant is largely separated from theantiperspirant composition in a separate compartment within thecontainer, for example such as the device described in U.S. Pat. No.3,995,778, then the polymer in the composition as dispensed from thecontainer can form up to 95% by weight of the composition.

It is apparent that some organic polymers fulfill the requirement so faras moisture-absorbency is concerned, yet they form a deposit whensprayed onto the skin which remains sticky or which becomes sticky inuse. A notable example is sodium alginate, most forms of which canabsorb from about 1 to about 12 times their own weight of water undertest conditions on human skin. Accordingly, we make no claim to amonopoly for an antiperspirant composition which includes as the solemoisture-absorbing polymer sodium alginate or other organic polymerswhich behave in a similar manner. It will be appreciated, however, thatsodium alginate or like polymers can be incorporated in antiperspirantcompositions according to the invention, provided that there is alsopresent a sufficient amount of a "non-sticky" moisture-absorbent polymerto compensate for the undesirable "stickiness" which would otherwise bemanifest.

The propellant gas according to the invention can be any liquefiable gasknown to the art for use in aerosol containers. Examples of suitablepropellants are trichlorofluoromethane (Propellant 11),dichlorodifluoromethane (Propellant 12), dichlorotetrafluoromethane(Propellant 114), monochlorodifluoromethane (Propellant 22),trichlorotrifluoromethane (Propellant 113), propane, butane andisobutane used singly or in admixture. See also Sanders, "Principles ofAerosol Technology" (1970), pages 3-4, 18-28 and U.S. Pat. No.3,792,068. Trichlorofluoromethane, dichlorodifluoromethane,dichlorotetrafluoromethane and isobutane used singly or admixed arepreferred propellants. Selection of appropriate amounts of thepropellant gas or gas mixture is governed by normal testing as wellknown in the aerosol art. Although the composition according to theinvention in its simplest form can consist of a suspension of themoisture-absorbent polymer in propellant, the propellant thusfunctioning as a carrier, generally it is satisfactory to consider thepropellant as constituting the balance of the antiperspirant compositionthat is not accounted for by the other components disclosed hereinbeforeand hereinafter. Generally, the propellant constitutes from about 1% toabout 99% by weight of the antiperspirant composition. Especiallypreferred limits of propellant when the usual single compartment aerosolcontainer is used are from about 40% to about 95% by weight of thecomposition. With special containers where most of the propellant iskept separate from the product to be dispensed, such as for example thetwo compartment container described in U.S. Pat. No. 3,995,778, thepreferred limits of propellant are from about 1% to about 50%, mostpreferably from 1% to 10% by weight of the composition.

It is also possible to incorporate in the antiperspirant compositionaccording to the invention, a cosmetically acceptable carrier which canfunction in a variety of ways in improving the effectiveness of thecomposition. In particular, the presence of a carrier can improveinitial adhesion of the moisture-absorbent polymer to the skin, thusaiding in its "capture" by the skin as it is dispensed in spray form.Also, a carrier can function as a diluent, lubricant or as a spreadingagent to facilitate uniform distribution of the moisture-absorbentpolymer on the skin.

In the case where the fluid antiperspirant composition is in the form ofa suspension of a liquid containing a powder, a carrier such as,isopropyl myristate, hexylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, ethanol orother alcohols such as poly-lower alkoxylated cetyl alcohols, or esterssuch as di-n-butylphthalate, diethyl sebacate, di-isopropyl adipate ando-ethyl, ethyl-carboxymethyl phthalate and mixtures thereof, isparticularly effective in improving the adherence of themoisture-absorbent polymer to the skin.

The amount of carrier, when present in the antiperspirant composition,according to the invention herein, can form up to about 99% by weight ofthe total composition. The preferred level of carrier is from about 1%to about 50%, most preferably from about 5% to about 20% by weight ofthe total composition. Above about 20%, the composition deposited on theskin can feel undesirably sticky, tacky, oily or greasy, depending onthe nature of the carrier.

It may be necessary to include a suspending agent in the aerosolantiperspirant composition to prevent the moisture-absorbent powder fromsettling out. There is a wide range of suitable commercially availablesuspending agents. Examples of such suspending agents includehydrophobic treated clays that swell in organic solvents, an example ofwhich is hydrophobic bentonite, such as Bentone 38, pyrogenic silicassuch as Cab-O-Sil M-5 and AEROSIL 200 and grease-forming soaps such asaluminum stearate. Another class of suspending agents which optionallycan be used are monoethanolamides such as coconut monoethanolamide,octadecylmonoethanolamide and stearoyl monoethanolamide. Yet anotherclass of suspending agents are amines such as lauryl amine, stearylamine, tetradecyl amine, hexadecyl amine, octadecylamine and eicosylamine.

The suspending agent when employed is generally of colloidal dimensionshaving a particle size of less than 0.03 microns. The suspending agentcan be present in the composition in an amount of up to 2%, preferably0.1 to 1.5% by weight of the composition.

In addition to the ingredients of the composition as set outhereinbefore, minor ingredients can optionally also be included. As anexample, germicides can be incorporated in the antiperspirantcomposition. Suitable germicides, by way of example only, aretrichlorocarbanilide, trifluoromethylcarbanilide, tribromosalicylanilideand 2,4,4'trichloro-2-hydroxy-diphenyl ether.

Such germicides when used can be employed in an amount of up to about0.5% by weight of the composition in order to inhibit the proliferationof skin bacteria and reduce or prevent the development of unpleasantodors.

It is also possible optionally to include a perfume and/or an odorsuppressor such as those disclosed in British Patent specification No.1,472,536 in the antiperspirant composition, usually at a concentrationin the composition of no more than about 1% by weight.

As we have stated, it is also possible to incorporate as a furtheroptional ingredient, an effective amount of a perspiration depressantsuch as, for example, aluminum chlorhydrate, aluminum chloroalcoholates,zinc phenol sulphonate, zirconium halide hydrates and tetraphenyl boron.

Such antiperspirant agents when used can be employed in an amount of upto about 5% by weight of the composition. Usually, when present, theseagents form from 0.1 to 1% by weight of the composition.

It is also possible to include in antiperspirant compositions accordingto the invention anticholinergic agents such as trimethylacetylscopalamine hydrochloride.

In order to function as an antiperspirant, the composition is sprayedonto the skin, for example the arm pit of the user, so as to provide anon-sticky, moisture-absorbent, non-film-forming deposit on the skin.The moisture-absorbent polymer then functions to absorb moisture as itis secreted from the skin in the form of perspiration so that adjacentclothing is protected, at least for a limited time; from contact withperspiration. This period of protection will depend on the capacity ofthe polymer to absorb moisture and its loading on the skin, as well asthe rate at which the user produces perspiration. Clearly it is, as wehave stated, an advantage if the polymer can lose moisture byevaporation while on the skin, so that its effectiveness as anantiperspirant can be prolonged. Accordingly, a method is provided foreliminating perspiration from the human skin by applying thereto aneffective amount of the composition defined herein.

The invention is illustrated by the following Examples.

EXAMPLE 1

This Example illustrates the use of a synthetic water-insoluble polymer.The following ingredients were filled into an aerosol container toprovide product A:

    ______________________________________                                                           % by weight                                                ______________________________________                                        Microcrystalline cellulose                                                                         3.0                                                      (AVICEL RC 581)                                                               Isopropyl myristate  3.0                                                      Pyrogenic silica (AEROSIL 200)                                                                     0.2                                                      Perfume              0.2                                                      Propellant 11/12 (65:35)                                                                           to 100                                                   ______________________________________                                    

A second product (B) was prepared from the same ingredients except thatthe AVICEL RC581 was replaced by 3.5% by weight of aluminumchlorhydrate.

A panel of 24 testers, all of whom were regular users of aerosolantiperspirants, were asked to assess the two formulations for inhibiton of underarm wetness.

The technique was to spray each of the products onto the freshly washedaxillae from a distance of 15 cm for two seconds. This was sufficienttime to form, in the case of product A a deposit of themoisture-absorbent polymer (AVICEL RC581) which acted to avoid transferof perspiration from axillae to adjacent clothing.

The panellists were asked to pursue their normal day to day laboratorywork and to assess after five hours the effectiveness of each product byconsidering the statement: "STOPS UNDERARM WETNESS". For this assessmenttheir answers were marked on a five point scale ranging from 1 (disagreestrongly) to 5 (agree strongly). Their scores were then subjected to astatistical analysis to determine overall whether each product asdeposited on the skin stopped the development of underarm wetness.

In this particular experiment, formulations A and B each stoppedunderarm wetness with approximately equal efficacy, thus showing thatthe traditional antiperspirant property of aluminum chlorhydrate couldbe totally replaced without loss of efficiency by a moisture-absorbingnon-astringent polymer.

The comparison was repeated using two products based on the formulationdescribed above except that in one instance half of the AVICEL RC581 ona weight basis was replaced by sodium alginate to give product C and inthe other instance all of the AVICEL RC581 was replaced by an equalweight percent of sodium alginate to give product D.

In this comparison, product D, although initially providing anapparently dry deposit became sticky to the touch within one hour undersimilar test conditions to that applied to products A and B. Product C,on the other hand, remained dry on the skin and satisfactorily absorbedperspiration over the 5 hour test period without becoming sticky or wet.

It was concluded from this latter comparison that although sodiumalginate as a polymer was capable of effectively absorbing perspiration,it became unacceptably sticky under conditions of use. When, however,sodium alginate was mixed with the "non-sticky" polymer, i.e. AVICELRC581, moisture-absorbency of the product was satisfactory withoutdevelopment of stickiness.

It was concluded that when tested on human subjects, compositionsaccording to the present invention proved to be efficientantiperspirants in that they effectively prevented the appearance ofperspiration where deposited on the skin and also on adjacent clothing:there was therefore no clothes staining problem such as is sometimesassociated with the use of conventional antiperspirants. Theantiperspirant composition according to the invention were alsonon-irritant.

EXAMPLE 2

An antiperspirant composition according to the invention was preparedfrom the following ingredients:

    ______________________________________                                                           % by weight                                                ______________________________________                                        Calcium sodium alginate (having                                                                    5.0                                                      a molar ratio of calcium to                                                   sodium in the molecule of 1:1)                                                Isopropyl palmitate  1.0                                                      Ethyl alcohol        1.8                                                      Perfume              0.2                                                      Pyrogenic silica (Cab-O-Sil M-5)                                                                   0.4                                                      Polypropoxylated cetyl alcohol                                                                     3.8                                                      Propellant mixture 11/12 (65:35)                                                                   to 100                                                   ______________________________________                                    

The composition was prepared by adding each of the ingredients to avalved aerosol container capable of being pressurized through the valvethereof, sealing the container and then adding propellant mixture to itunder pressure through the valve so as to obtain a final pressure of 50psig. On actuation of the dispensing valve a uniform spray was obtainedand it was possible to obtain a fine powder deposit when directed to theskin.

The composition was tested by a trained panel of assessors in the mannerdescribed in Example 1. The panel reported that the composition absorbedmoisture very well and even after five hours, there was no visible ortactile evidence that perspiration was present: it had been successfullyabsorbed by the deposit on the skin of calcium sodium alginate.

EXAMPLE 3

The procedure of Example 2 was repeated using calcium sodium alginatehaving various molar ratios of calcium to sodium.

Each composition was examined for its ability to absorb moisture whichremained substantially dry to the touch and non-sticky under conditionsof use by human volunteers.

The following table identifies the types of calcium alginate tested andrecords the moisture-absorbency of each one.

    ______________________________________                                                      Ratio of polymer: water                                         Calcium, sodium                                                                             at maximum absorbency on                                        alginate (ratio                                                                             skin while remaining dry                                        of Ca:Na)     to the touch                                                    ______________________________________                                        1:1           5.0                                                             2:1           4.0                                                             3:1           3.0                                                             Calcium alginate                                                                            2.0                                                             ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 4

A further series of polymers and polymeric mixtures was tested asdescribed in Example 3.

The respective degrees of absorbency recorded were as follows:

    ______________________________________                                                                    Ratio of total                                                                polymer: water                                                                at maximum                                                          Weight    absorbency on                                                       ratios    the skin while                                    Polymer/polymeric of each   remaining dry to                                  mixture           ingredient                                                                              the touch                                         ______________________________________                                        Calcium sodium alginate                                                                         5:1       4.5                                               (1:1) + micro-crystalline                                                     cellulose (AVICEL RC581)                                                      Calcium sodium alginate                                                                         5:1       5.0                                               (2:1) + aluminum magnesium                                                    silicate (VEEGUM F)                                                           Sodium alginate + micro-                                                                        5:1       4.0                                               crystalline cellulose                                                         (AVICEL RC581)                                                                Calcium alginate  --        2.0                                               Sodium alginate*  --        4.5                                               ______________________________________                                         *Sodium alginate was only tested for comparison of its moisture absorbenc     property. In use it produced a skin deposit which was sticky and therefor     unacceptable unless mixed with another moistureabsorbent polymer such as      is exemplified in this tabl e.                                           

EXAMPLE 5

An antiperspirant composition containing two moisture absorbers wasprepared according to the method described in Example 2 from thefollowing ingredients:

    ______________________________________                                                           % by weight                                                ______________________________________                                        Calcium sodium alginate (1:1)                                                                      3.5                                                      Microcrystalline cellulose                                                                         1.5                                                      (AVICEL RC581)                                                                Isopropyl myristate  4.5                                                      Nonionic detergent   0.1                                                      Pyrogenic silica (AEROSIL 200)                                                                     0.4                                                      Perfume              q.s.                                                     Propellant mixture 11/12 (65:35)                                                                   to 100                                                   ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 6

An antiperspirant composition containing a germicide was preparedaccording to the method described in Example 2 from the followingingredients:

    ______________________________________                                                           % by weight                                                ______________________________________                                        Cross-linkd polyacrylic acid                                                                       5.0                                                      Isopropyl myristate  4.5                                                      Nonionic detergent   0.1                                                      2,4,4'-trichloro-2-hydroxy-diphenyl                                                                0.5                                                      ether (Irgasan DP300)                                                         Pyrogenic silica (AEROSIL 200)                                                                     0.4                                                      Perfume              q.s.                                                     Propellant mixture 11/12 (65:35)                                                                   to 100                                                   ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 7

An antiperspirant composition containing a high level of astringent wasprepared according to the method described in Example 2 from thefollowing ingredients:

    ______________________________________                                                          % by weight                                                 ______________________________________                                        Base-hydrolyzed starch poly-                                                                      1.5                                                       acrylonitrile graft copolymer                                                 Aluminum chlorhydrate                                                                             3.5                                                       Isopropyl myristate 4.5                                                       Nonionic detergent  0.1                                                       Pyrogenic silica (AEROSIL 200)                                                                    0.4                                                       Perfume             q.s.                                                      Propellant mixture 11/12 (65:35)                                                                  to 100                                                    ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 8

An antiperspirant composition containing a low level of aluminumchlorhydrate was prepared according to the method described in Example 2from the following ingredients:

    ______________________________________                                                            % by weight                                               ______________________________________                                        Cross-linked dextran (SEPHADEX)                                                                     4.5                                                     Aluminum chlorhydrate 0.5                                                     Isopropyl myristate 4.5                                                       Nonionic detergent    0.1                                                     Pyrogenic silica (AEROSIL 200)                                                                      0.4                                                     Perfume               q.s.                                                    Propellant mixture 11/12 (65:35)                                                                    to 100                                                  ______________________________________                                    

In the compositions of Examples 5, 6, 7 and 8 which produce excellentpowdered antiperspirants dispensable from an aerosol container of thetype described in Example 1, various modifications in proportions andconstituents were made in accordance with the teachings of the presentspecification, with satisfactroy antiperspirant compositions resulting.

EXAMPLE 9

A propellant based antiperspirant composition was prepared by mixingtogether the following ingredients and filling into an aerosol containerin the usual manner:

    ______________________________________                                                          % by weight                                                 ______________________________________                                        Microcrystalline cellulose                                                                        22.5                                                      (AVICEL RC581)                                                                Calcium sodium alginate (2:1)                                                                     22.5                                                      Propellant mixture 11/12 65:35                                                                    55.0                                                      ______________________________________                                    

EXAMPLE 10

An aerosol antiperspirant compositon was prepared by blending togetherthe following ingredients:

    ______________________________________                                                          % by weight                                                 ______________________________________                                        Calcium sodium alginate (1:1)                                                                     25.0                                                      Pyrogenic silica (AEROSIL 200) 3.0                                            2-ethyl-1,3-hexane diol                                                                           5.0                                                       Perfume             q.v.                                                      Industrial Methylated Spirit                                                                      to 100                                                    ______________________________________                                    

This mixture was filled into an aerosol container and after fitting thevalve, the container was pressurized with an equal weight of a liquefiedpropellant mixture (65:35) of 11 and 12 respectively.

What is claimed is:
 1. A substantially non-aqueous fluid antiperspirantcomposition consisting essentially of a solid phase and a non-aqueousliquid phase for dispensing as a spray onto human skin to provide anon-toxic, non-irritant, dry-to-the-touch, non-sticky deposit,the solidphase of the composition comprising from about 1% to about 95% by weightof chemically modified cellulose in particulate form, and thenon-aqueous liquid phase of the composition comprising:(a) from 1% toabout 99% by weight of a liquefied propellant to produce an aerosolspray; and (b) from 0% to 99% by weight of a carrier, other than apropellant, for the chemically modified cellulose, the chemicallymodified cellulose being characterized by its capacity for absorbing anamount of moisture at least equal to its own weight after deposition ofthe composition onto the skin.
 2. A substantially non-aqueous fluidantiperspirant composition consisting essentially of a solid phase and anon-aqueous liquid phase for dispensing as a spray onto human skin toprovide a non-toxic, non-irritant, dry-to-the-touch, non-stickydeposit,the solid phase of the composition comprising from about 1% toabout 95% by weight of a moisture-absorbent organic polymer inparticulate form, and the non-aqueous liquid phase of the compositioncomprising:(a) from 1% to about 99% by weight of a liquefied propellantto produce an aerosol spray; and (b) from 0% to 99% by weight of acarrier, other than a propellant, for the organic polymer, the organicpolymer being characterized by its capacity for absorbing an amount ofmoisture at least equal to its own weight after deposition of thecomposition onto the skin,wherein the polymer is a water-soluble polymerof natural origin of carragheenates, guar gum, locust bean gum, lowmethoxy pectins, agar, furcellaran, xanthan gum, gelatin or mixturesthereof.
 3. A substantially non-aqueous fluid antiperspirant compositionconsisting essentially of a solid phase and a non-aqueous liquid phasefor dispensing as a spray onto human skin to provide a non-toxic,non-irritant, dry-to-the-touch, non-sticky deposit,the solid phase ofthe composition comprising from about 1% to about 95% by weight of amoisture-absorbent organic polymer in particulate form, and thenon-aqueous liquid phase of the composition comprising:(a) from 1% toabout 99% by weight of a liquefied propellant to produce an aerosolspray; and (b) from 0% to 99% by weight of a carrier, other than apropellant, for the organic polymer, the organic polymer beingcharacterized by its capacity for absorbing an amount of moisture atleast equal to its own weight after deposition of the composition ontothe skin,wherein the polymer is a water-soluble polymer of syntheticorigin of hydroxypropylmethyl cellulose, sodium carboxymethyl cellulose,polyethylene oxides, polyvinylpyrrolidone, carboxyvinyl polymers,copolymers of methyl vinyl ether and maleic anhydrides, linear ionenesor mixtures thereof.
 4. A substantially non-aqueous fluid antiperspirantcomposition consisting essentially of a solid phase and a non-aqueousliquid phase for dispensing as a spray onto human skin to provide anon-toxic, non-irritant, dry-to-the-touch, non-sticky deposit,the solidphase of the composition comprising from about 1% to about 95% by weightof a cross-linked polyacrylic acid in particulate form, and thenon-aqueous liquid phase of the composition comprising:(a) from 1% toabout 99% by weight of a liquefied propellant to produce an aerosolspray; and (b) from 0 to 99% by weight of a carrier, other than apropellant, for the cross-linked polyacylic acid, the cross-linkedpolyacrylic acid being characterized by its capacity for absorbing anamount of moisture at least equal to its own weight after deposition ofthe composition onto the skin.
 5. A substantially non-aqueous fluidantiperspirant composition consisting essentially of a solid phase and anon-aqueous liquid phase for dispensing as a spray onto human skin toprovide a non-toxic, non-irritant, dry-to-the-touch, non-stickydeposit,the solid phase of the composition comprising from about 1% toabout 95% by weight of starch-polyacrylonitrile graft copolymers inparticulate form, and the non-aqueous liquid phase of the compositioncomprising:(a) from 1% to about 99% by weight of a liquefied propellantto produce an aerosol spray; and (b) from 0% to 99% by weight of acarrier, other than a propellant, for the starch-polyacrylonitrile graftcopolymers, the starch-polyacrylonitrile graft copolymers beingcharacterized by its capacity for absorbing an amount of moisture atleast equal to its own weight after deposition of the composition ontothe skin.
 6. The fluid antiperspirant composition defined in claim 4,wherein the cross-linked polyacrylic acid absorbs an amount of moistureat least equal to 10 times its own weight.
 7. The fluid antiperspirantcomposition defined in claim 5, wherein the starch-polyacrylonitrilegraft copolymer absorbs an amount of moisture at least equal to 10 timesits own weight.